1. CPU (Casting Polyurethane Elastomers):
Casting Polyurethane Elastomers (CPU) are a type of high-performance polymer material that lies between rubber and plastic. In practical applications, CPU is commonly used as a replacement for rubber products. Due to its exceptional wear resistance (the best among elastomers), CPU is widely utilized in industries such as caster wheels, mining, petroleum refining, textiles, and printing rollers. CPU, also known as thermosetting elastomers, is liquid at room temperature and solidifies after processing. Its superior wear resistance makes it ideal for heavy-duty applications.
2. TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers):
Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers (TPU) are another category of polymer materials that lie between rubber and plastic. Similar to CPU, TPU has excellent wear resistance, making it a suitable alternative to rubber products. TPU remains solid at room temperature but can be melted by heating or dissolving in a solvent. After processing and forming, it solidifies again. TPU is the most widely used polyurethane elastomer and is produced in large quantities. Applications include sports equipment such as roller skate wheels, shoe soles, straps, and industrial parts like seals, automotive components (dust tubes, fittings, shock absorbers), conveyor belts, hoses, medical tubes, cables, straps, and more.
3. MPU (Melt Processable Polyurethane Elastomers):
MPU combines the outstanding wear resistance, solvent resistance, cold resistance, and high strength of traditional polyurethane elastomers (PU) with the ability to be processed using conventional rubber processing techniques. This is one of the unique features of MPU. However, to date, CPU and TPU remain the dominant forms of polyurethane elastomers in China, and MPU applications are still relatively limited. This research explores how different vulcanization systems and reinforcing fillers influence the properties of MPU, providing valuable insights for its wider use.
4. PU (Polyurethane):
Polyurethane (PU) is an emerging organic polymer material known for its superior properties, which have led to its widespread use in various industries. It is classified into three main types: Casting Polyurethane Elastomers (CPU), Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers (TPU), and Melt Processable Polyurethane Elastomers (MPU).